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Schizophrenia Bulletin 1998 24(2):249-266;
© 1998 by Oxford University Press and the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center (MPRC)
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© Oxford University Press

Integrating Schizophrenia

Jeffrey A. Gray, Dip. Psychol., Ph.D.
Professor, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry London, United Kingdom

Reprint requests should be sent to Prof. J.A. Gray, Dept. of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom

A neuropsychological theory of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia proposed by J.A. Gray et al. is reviewed in light of subsequent evidence from studies of latent inhibition in clinical populations, healthy volunteers, and rats. It is clear that disrupted latent inhibition is associated with psychosis, but it is uncertain whether this is a state or a trait marker. Much evidence indicates that a similar disruption in latent inhibition can be provoked in rats by excess release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, and conversely, that potentiation of latent inhibition occurs when dopaminergic transmission is blocked in this structure. The projection from the hippocampal system to the nucleus accumbens also plays a role in latent inhibition. The theory, therefore, is broadly supported by recent findings. The resulting model of schizophrenia is discussed in relation to the contents of consciousness, positive psychotic symptoms, and alternative theories.

Keywords: Latent inhibition / nucleus accumbens / dopamine / positive psychotic symptoms


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