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Schizophrenia Bulletin 1998 24(2):267-283;
© 1998 by Oxford University Press and the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center (MPRC)
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© Oxford University Press

Dysfunctions in Multiple Interrelated Systems as the Neurobiological Bases of Schizophrenic Symptom Clusters

Patricio O'Donnell, M.D., Ph.D. and Anthony A. Grace, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor, Departments of Pharmacology and Neuroscience and Neurology, Albany Medical College Albany, NY
Professor of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA

Reprint requests should be sent to Dr. A.A. Grace, Dept. of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260

The absence of an animal model that accurately approximates schizophrenia limits current research into the pathophysiology of this disorder. Obviously, the cognitive disturbances associated with schizophrenia are difficult to evaluate in laboratory animals. Nonetheless, animal studies have provided insight into the anatomy and physiology of the brain systems that have been implicated in schizophrenia. These studies also suggest how brain systems may be involved in information processing in normal and pathological conditions. Thus, a careful assessment of the properties and functions of the brain regions suggested to be involved in schizophrenic symptoms has been a primary objective in several laboratories. In this review, we discuss the interactions among the brain regions implicated in schizophrenia—the ventral striatum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and dopamine systems—and provide an integrative model linking altered function in these regions with specific clusters of symptoms of schizophrenia.

Keywords: Nucleus accumbens / hippocampus / prefrontal cortex / thalamus / dopamine / negative symptoms / positive symptoms / thought disorder


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