© 2000 by Oxford University Press and the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center (MPRC)
Maternal Exposure to Respiratory Infections and Adult Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study
New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University New York, NY
Kaiser Permanente Research Division Oakland, CA
Neuropsychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda, MD
Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University
New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
Division of Epidemiology, Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University and Head, Division of Epidemiology of Brain Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University New York, NY
Reprint sequests should be sent to Dr. A.S. Brown, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 2, New Yost, NY 10032.
We sought to examine the relationship between maternal exposure to adult respiratory infections and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) in the Prenatal Determinants of Schizophrenia (PDS) Study, a large birth cohort investigation. Previous work suggests that second trimester exposure to respiratory infection may be a risk factor for SSD. We therefore examined whether this class of infection was associated with adult SSD. For this purpose, we capitalized on several design advantages of the PDS Study, including a comprehensive, prospective data base on physician-diagnosed infections and a continuous followup in which diagnoses of SSD were made, in the majority, by face-to-face interview. Second trimester exposure to respiratory infections was associated with a significantly increased risk of SSD, adjusting for maternal smoking, education, and race (rate ratio [RR]=2.13 [1.05–4.35], 
2=4.36, df=1, p=0.04); no associations were shown for first trimester and third trimester exposure to these respiratory infections. These findings support—and extend—previous studies suggesting that second trimester respiratory infections are risk factors for SSD. This study therefore has implications toward uncovering the etiology of schizophrenia and developing preventive strategies.
Keywords: Birth cohort / prenatal / reproductive outcomes / respiratory / schizophrenia
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