Schizophrenia Bulletin Advance Access originally published online on March 8, 2006
Schizophrenia Bulletin 2006 32(3):451-463; doi:10.1093/schbul/sbj066
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Published by Oxford University Press 2006.
The Potential Impact of the Recovery Movement on Family Interventions for Schizophrenia: Opportunities and Obstacles
2 Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System at West Los Angeles
3 Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
4 VA Desert Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC)
5 VA Capitol Health Care Network Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC)
6 University of Maryland School of Medicine
1To whom correspondence should be addressed; e-mail: sglynn{at}ucla.edu
Many types of family interventions have been found to be effective in reducing exacerbations in schizophrenia; some also improve consumer social functioning and reduce family burden. Regardless of their origins, these interventions share a number of common features, such as showing empathy for all participants, providing knowledge about the illness, assuming a nonpathologizing stance, and teaching communication and problem-solving skills. Importantly, these family interventions have many characteristics that are consistent with the growing recovery movement in mental health in that they are community-based, emphasize achieving personally relevant goals, work on instilling hope, and focus on improving natural supports. Nevertheless, these interventions are generally reflective of older models of serious and persisting psychiatric illnesses that are grounded in a "patient being treated for a chronic illness" rather than a "consumer assuming as much responsibility as possible for his/her recovery" stance. These interventions could be made more consistent with recovery principles by (1) expanding the definition of family to include marital, parenting, and sibling relationships, (2) identifying better ways to match consumers with treatments, (3) broadening the research focus to include systems change that promotes making family members a part of the treatment team (with the consumer's consent), and (4) overcoming implementation obstacles that preclude access to effective family interventions for most consumers and their relatives.
Keywords: psychosocial / family treatment / consumer / recovery / schizophrenia
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