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Schizophrenia Bulletin Advance Access originally published online on November 14, 2006
Schizophrenia Bulletin 2007 33(1):3-10; doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl053
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Environment and Schizophrenia: Environmental Factors in Schizophrenia: Childhood Trauma—A Critical Review

Craig Morgan1,2 and Helen Fisher2,3
2 Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
3 MRC Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, UK

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed; Box 63,Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK, tel: 020 7848 0351, fax: 020 77019044, e-mail: spjucrm{at}iop.kcl.ac.uk.

There is renewed interest in the relationship between early childhood trauma and risk of psychosis in adulthood. There are a large number of studies of psychiatric inpatients, and of outpatients in which a majority have a psychotic disorder, that suggest the prevalence of childhood trauma in these populations is high. However, these are generally small studies of diagnostically heterogeneous and chronic samples and, as such, can tell us very little about whether childhood trauma is of etiological importance in psychosis. A small number of recent population-based studies provide more robust evidence of an association, and there are now plausible biological mechanisms linking childhood trauma and psychosis. However, there remain a number of conceptual and methodological issues, which mean much more research is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn about whether childhood trauma is a cause of psychosis.

Keywords: childhood trauma / abuse / psychosis / schizophrenia


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