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Schizophrenia Bulletin Advance Access originally published online on June 11, 2007
Schizophrenia Bulletin 2007 33(4):937-946; doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm063
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

The Neuropharmacology of Psychosis

Carol A. Tamminga1 and John M. Davis2
2 University of Illinois School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, NE5 110F, Dallas, TX 75390 9127; fax: 214-645-2789, e-mail: Carol.Tamminga{at}UTSouthwestern.edu.

Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) are therapeutic in psychotic disorders. They are not specific treatments for schizophrenia (SZ) but useful in bipolar disorder (BD), psychotic depression, Alzheimers disease, and other psychotic diagnoses. In this perspective, we discuss the actions of APDs for the treatment of both SZ and bipolar-1 disorder (BD-1) with a specific focus on the implications of these data for the whole group of psychotic diagnoses. Both schizophrenic and BD-1 are characterized by several symptom dimensions, some overlapping and some distinctive. We discuss a dimensional approach to the diagnosis of BD and SZ and suggest that psychosis is an important dimension of each. In order to define the dimension of psychosis more carefully would require additional research to fill in the gaps in our knowledge. We propose that psychosis is a dimension that cuts through many psychiatric disorders, and the use of this dimension may be useful for clinical and research progress. We discuss the kinds of data necessary to further support the dimensional aspects of psychosis.

Keywords: antipsychotic drugs / schizophrenia / bipolar disorder / dimensions of psychosis / psychiatric diagnoses / first-generation APDs / second-generation APDs


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