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Schizophrenia Bulletin Advance Access published online on August 17, 2006
Schizophrenia Bulletin, doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl021
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Supplement

Integrated Psychological Therapy (IPT) for Schizophrenia: Is It Effective?

Volker Roder 1 *, Daniel R. Mueller 1, Kim T. Mueser 2, and Hans D. Brenner 3
1 University Psychiatric Services, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland
2 Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School, New Hampshire-Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Main Building, 105 Pleasant Street, Concord 03301, NH
3 Departamento de Psiquiatria, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaiso, Chile

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Volker Roder, E-mail: roder{at}spk.unibe.ch


  Abstract

Against the background of evidence-based treatments for schizophrenia, nowadays the implementation of specific cognitive and behavioral interventions becomes more important in the standard care of these patients. Over the past 25 years, research groups in 9 countries have carried out 30 independent evaluations of Integrated Psychological Therapy (IPT), a group program that combines neurocognitive and social cognitive interventions with social skills approaches for schizophrenic patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of IPT under varying treatment and research conditions in academic and nonacademic sites. In a first step, all 30 published IPT studies with the participation of 1393 schizophrenic patients were included in the meta-analysis. In a second step, only high-quality studies (HQS) (7 studies including 362 patients) were selected and analyzed to check whether they confirmed the results of the first step. Positive mean effect sizes favoring IPT over control groups (placebo-attention conditions, standard care) were found for all dependent variables, including symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and neurocognition. Moreover, the superiority of IPT continued to increase during an average follow-up period of 8.1 months. IPT obtained similarly favorable effects across the different outcome domains, assessment formats (expert ratings, self-reports, and psychological tests), settings (inpatient vs outpatient and academic vs nonacademic), and phases of treatment (acute vs chronic). The HQS confirmed the results of the complete sample. The analysis indicates that IPT is an effective rehabilitation approach for schizophrenia that is robust across a wide range of patients and treatment conditions.

Keywords: schizophrenia; cognitive behavior therapy; neurocognitive remediation; meta-analysis.
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